犀皮、螺钿、描金是什么？漆器工期多久？

▍问答

问 ｜ 犀皮、螺钿、描金，这些漆艺名词都是什么意思？

答 ｜ 三个都是漆器的装饰工艺：犀皮不是犀牛皮，而是用不同颜色的漆层层堆叠、再打磨出来的自然纹理，断面像花瓣云纹；螺钿是把贝壳磨成的薄片嵌进漆面，转动时有虹彩；描金是用金粉或金箔调胶，在漆面上描绘纹样。三种工艺常常出现在同一件平遥推光漆器上，层层叠加，才是它耐看的原因。

问 ｜ 一件手工漆器要做多久？时间都花在哪了？

答 ｜ 少则一两个月，多则半年以上。长在两处：一是工序多，从做胎、裱布、刮灰到髹漆、装饰、推光，几十道工序一道不能跳；二是等不起也快不得，每髹一道漆都要进阴干房，在合适的温湿度里慢慢阴干，一道干透才能上下一道。省掉等待的漆器，光泽和寿命都会打折。

问 ｜ 手工刺绣的物件能水洗吗？平时怎么保存？

答 ｜ 不建议水洗。真丝绣线遇水容易褪色、起皱，针脚也会变形。日常用软毛刷或干布轻拭除尘；真脏了，送专业机构做织品清洁，别自己下水。存放记住三防：防潮（放干燥处，可放无酸纸）、防晒（紫外线会让丝光发乌）、防压（绣品怕折痕，尽量平放或卷放）。

问 ｜ 韵和鸣的器物是自己的工厂生产的吗？

答 ｜ 不是自建流水线，而是与非遗老师联名。器物由传承人以手工完成，匠人的名字与手艺是作品的一部分；品牌做的是严选、内容、渠道与出海。流水线上批量产出的同类货，进不了严选的门。

▍说在最后

名词是门，不是墙。把这几个词弄明白，再回头看一件漆器、一幅绣，你会发现它们忽然开始跟你说话了。

平遥推光漆器髹饰技艺 2006 年列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，以髹涂、阴干、推光等工序环环相扣见长。（山西省晋中市平遥县）

有想知道的，留言告诉我们，下期接着答。

📩 非遗项目 ｜ 匠人举荐 ｜ 跨境出海 ｜ 线下联营

欢迎留言或后台联系，我们与匠人同行。

—— 韵和鸣 · 与匠人同行

〖 答 〗

相关搜索 ｜ RELATED SEARCHES

犀皮 螺钿 描金 · 平遥推光漆器 工期 · 手工刺绣 保养 水洗 · 苏绣 苏州 · 韵和鸣 联名 非遗

English

What do the lacquer-art terms xipi, mother-of-pearl inlay and gold tracing actually mean?

All three are decorative techniques of lacquerware: "xipi" is not rhinoceros hide but natural marbling built up from layers of differently colored lacquer and then polished down, its cross-sections resembling petals and clouds; mother-of-pearl inlay sets thin shell slices into the lacquer surface, shimmering as it turns; gold tracing paints patterns onto the lacquer with gold powder or foil mixed with adhesive. The three often appear on the same piece of Pingyao polished lacquerware—layer upon layer, which is why it rewards a long look.

How long does a handmade lacquer piece take, and where does the time go?

Anywhere from one or two months to over half a year. Two things make it long: the many steps—from shaping the body, pasting fabric and applying the base coat to lacquering, decorating and hand-polishing, dozens of processes none of which can be skipped; and the waiting that cannot be rushed—each coat of lacquer must dry slowly in a drying room at the right temperature and humidity, fully cured before the next goes on. Skip the waiting, and both the sheen and the lifespan suffer.

Can hand-embroidered items be washed? How should they be stored?

Washing is not recommended. Silk threads fade and wrinkle easily in water, and stitches lose their shape. For daily care, dust gently with a soft brush or dry cloth; if truly soiled, take it to a professional textile cleaner rather than washing it yourself. For storage, remember three protections: from damp (keep dry, acid-free paper helps), from sunlight (UV dulls the silk sheen), and from pressure (embroidery hates creases—store flat or rolled).

Are YUNHEMING's objects produced in the brand's own factory?

Not from a self-built production line, but co-signed with heritage masters. Each object is made by hand by the bearer, whose name and craft are part of the work; the brand handles curation, content, channels and going global. Machine-made lookalikes do not pass the selection.

Terms are doors, not walls. Once these words are clear, look back at a piece of lacquerware or embroidery—you will find they have suddenly started speaking to you.

The Pingyao polished lacquerware decoration technique was inscribed on the national list of intangible cultural heritage in 2006, distinguished by its interlocking processes of lacquering, shade-drying and hand-polishing. (Pingyao County, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province)

If there is something you would like to know, leave us a message, and we will answer it in the next edition.

ICH Projects · Artisan Referrals · Global Distribution · Salon Partnerships